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DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1100944
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Autonome Dysfunktion und Betablocker beim Multiorgandysfunktionssyndrom
Autonomic dysfunction and beta-adrenergic blockers in multiple organ dysfunction syndromePublication History
eingereicht: 20.6.2008
akzeptiert: 16.10.2008
Publication Date:
19 November 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Das Multiorgandysfunktionssyndrom (MODS), eine konsekutive Funktionseinschränkung von zwei oder mehr vitalen Organen, ist häufig Endstadium von Erkrankungen wie dem akuten Koronarsyndrom oder der Sepsis. Die Letalität schwankt zwischen 40 und 60 %. Hauptziel dieser retrospektiven Studie war es herauszufinden, ob β-Blocker aufgrund ihrer Wirkung auf die sympathisch-parasympathische Interaktion das Überleben beim MODS positiv beeinflussen.
Methoden: Bei 157 MODS-Patienten (83 Männer, 74 Frauen, mittleres Alter 61,3 ± 13,4 Jahre) wurde geprüft, ob sie β-Blocker erhalten hatten; ferner wurde die Herzfrequenzvariabilität (HRV) zur Beurteilung der parasympathisch-sympathischen Funktion herangezogen. Untersucht wurden der Einfluss auf die 28-Tage Mortalität.
Ergebnisse: 69 der 157 MODS-Patienten erhielten einen β-Blocker. Die β-Blocker-Gabe war mit einer höheren Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit assoziiert (Hazard Ratio [HR] 0,4, 95 %-Konfidenzintervall [KI] 0,23 – 0,68, p = 0,001). Besonders die Gruppe mit ischämisch getriggertem MODS profitierte von der β-Blocker-Gabe (HR 0,2 [0,1 – 0,5], p = 0,001). Die HRV zeigte in der β-Blocker-Gruppe eine geringere Einschränkung als ohne β-Blocker.
Folgerung: MODS-Patienten mit β-Blocker-Therapie haben eine höhere Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit sowie eine weniger eingeschränkte autonome Funktion. Dies trifft vor allem für die Subgruppe der Patienten mit ischämisch-getriggertem MODS zu. Die geringere Einschränkung der parasympathischen Modulation der Herzfrequenz unter Betablockern könnte darauf hinweisen, dass der Vagus nicht mehr in der Lage ist, eine Inflammationsreaktion adäquat zu unterdrücken. Prospektive Analysen müssen zeigen, ob die Betablockergabe einen Stellenwert in der Behandlung des MODS haben könnte.
Summary
Background and objective: The multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), a failure of two or more organ systems, is the endstage of initial trigger events in diseases such as acute coronary syndrome or sepsis. The mortality is high (40 – 60 %). The present study aimed to detect whether beta-adrenergic blockers (BAB) which may affect sympathetic-parasympathetic balance have a positive influence on outcome.
Methods: Data on 157 patients with MODS (83 male, 74 female, mean age 61.3 ± 13.4 years) were retrospectively analysed concerning BAB medication and autonomic dysfunction. A 24-hour-Holter-ECG which had been applied within the initial 48 hours of illness was analysed for heart rate variability (HRV). All patients were followed to determine 28-day mortality.
Results: 69 of the 157 MODS patients had received BAB. This treatment was associated with a higher survival probability (hazard ratio [HR] 0.4, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.23 – 0.68; p = 0.001). Survival benefit was especially seen in the subgroup of MODS patients who had an ischemically triggered MODS (HR 0.2 [0.1 – 0.5], p = 0.001). HRV was less reduced in the BAB group compared to patients without this medication.
Conclusion: MODS patients treated with beta-adrenercic blockers may have a survival benefit which is especially seen in the subgroup of MODS patients with ischemically triggered MODS. Moreover, BAB medication is associated with a less pronounced autonomic dysfunction in MODS (especially the vagal modulation of heart rate) which might result in a lower inflammatory response. Hence, future prospective studies have to show the relevance of beta-adrenergic blockers in MODS.
Schlüsselwörter
β-Blocker - Multiorgandysfunktionssyndrom - Herzfrequenzvariabilität - autonome Funktion - Sepsis
Keywords
beta-adrenergic blockers - multiple organ dysfunction syndrome - heart rate variability - autonomic function - sepsis
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PD Dr. med. habil. Hendrik Schmidt
Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für
Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum Halle, Martin-Luther-Universität
Halle-Wittenberg
06097 Halle
Phone: 0345-5572601
Fax: 0345-5572072